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F. OSMER. I APPARATUSFORTAKING'YOFF AMMONIA-FROM- BONE BLACK RETORTS.N0'.Z97, 948 .1 v Patented Apr. 29,1884;

' per open ends, the retorts being kept con-' 3' "UNITED STATES PATENTOFFIc FRIEDRICH OSMER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TOMATTHIAS HOPKE, OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS F61? TAKING OFF AMMONIA FROM BONE-BLACK RETORTS. V

SPECIFICATION forming part of Iietters Patent No. 297,948, dated April29, 1884. Application filed December 5, i883. (No model.)

To alZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRIEDRICH OSMER, of the city of Brooklyn, inthecounty of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Apparatus for Taking Off Ammonia from Bone-Black Retorts,of which the following is a specification.-

The retort-s commonly used for reburning or revivifying bone-black orchar are set in an upright position, and the char is fed into them froma feeding floor or plate attheir upstantly filled with the char, and thechar gravitating downward as it is removed from time to time at thelower ends of the retorts. The char contains ammonia in considerablequantities, which is volatilized in the lower and hotter parts of theretort and passes upward several times greater than the minor diameter,

the larger retorts being about twenty-four inches by four inches insize, and the smaller sizes being from twelve to eight inchesin theirlarger diameter, and from two and one-half to two inches in their lesserdiameter.

In my Letters Patent of the United States No. 287,570, and bearing dateOctober 30,1883,

I have shown and described a means for taking off the ammonia, whichconsists in inserting within the upper end of the retort afeeding-throatsmaller in size than the retort, so as to leave a passage or space,which extends all around between the feeding-throat and the inner wallof the retort, and which forms a fine for the escape of the ammonia.WhileI consider the above-described construction as most desirable forthe larger retorts, which are about four inches wide, it is somewhatobjectionable for the medium or smaller retorts, which are only abouttwo or two and one-half inches wide, because the width of the fine orspace on the two sides of the feeding throat, added to the thickness ofthe wall's'of said throat, renders it impossible to make the feed-.troduction of char sufficient in size to avoid clogging or choking ofsaid opening and to still allow for the escape of ammonia without itspassingthrough the pile of char at the top of the retort.

To this end the invention consists, essentially, in the coinbinatiomwitha retort of 010- 7 long transverse section, of a flue of oblongtransverse section arranged within the retort for conducting away thevolatilized ammonia, the said retort being extended considerably beyondthe said flue in the direction of their major axes, whereby there isafforded an ample opening for the feeding of char into the retort.

The invention also consists in the combina tion, with the retort andflue above described,

of bearers, whereby the said flue is supported on the feeding-floorabove the retort,whereby I am enabled to apply an escape-fine of thekind above described to any retort of a proper size to receive it, bysimply inserting the flue downward into the retort.

The invention also consists in other details of construction andcombinations of parts here inafter described and referred to in theclaims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of theupper portion of two retorts and fines embodying my invention, togetherwith a portion of the feeding-floor. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on thedotted line .90 m, Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a horizontal section At theupper end of the retorts is the usual l opening with the enlargements11.

Such enplate, 13, surmounted by brick-work B, on largements d are nearlyas wide as the retort which is placed the usual feeding plate or floor,0.

O designates feeding-throats extending from the floor 0 into theretorts.

D designates the fines for conducting away the volatilized ammonia, onefine being arranged in each retort; and these fines are connected attheir upper ends with a pipe, E, whereby the volatilized ammonia may beconducted to a condenser or water-tank and there absorbed. The fines Dmaybe constructed of cast-iron or other suitable material, and thatportion of the fine which enters the retort is of oblong transversesection, as best shown in Fig. 3. The fines Dare provided with ribs orprojections (1 extending from opposite sides, as shownin Figs. 1 and8,and arelikewise provided with other ribs or projections, 0, extendingfrom them inthe direction of their major diameter, as shown in Figs.2and 3. These ribs or projections may be cast integral with the fines,and serve to hold the fines in proper central position within thefecdingthroats G and retorts A. The fines D are or may be supported bybearers which rest upon the feedingfioor G. As here shown,thc fines aresupported by bearers consisting of bars F, which extend across the fioorC from one to the other of the fines and to which the fines are securedat c. Being-thus supported, the fines D can be readily removed from theretorts by simply raising them, and can be as readily applied to orinserted into any retorts which are of the proper size. Thefeeding-opening for char extends entirely around the fine D, as shown inFig. 3; but those portions (1 of the opening which are at the sides ofthe fine are very narrow, and if so narrow an opening extended entirelyaround the fine 1), the char would be liable to clog and choke up theopening. To obviate this clogging or choking of the feeding-opening ofthe retort, I extend the retort A, in the direction of its majoraxis,veryn1uch beyond the fine D; or, in other words, Imake the majordiameter of the fine very much less than the major diameter of theretort, and I thus greatly increase the size of the opening between thefine and retort, by providing said itself, and afford an ample openingfor feeding char without danger of the char clogging or choking theopening.

In order to afford still greater facility for the free escape of theammonia, I may provide the fines D with openings 0, through whichammonia can pass from the exterior of the flue to its interior, as shownby the arrows in Figs. 1 and 2; and in order to prevent these holes afrom being clogged by char, I protect them by hoods c, iormed on orsecured to the exterior of said fines.

The holes 0 and hoods 0 may be arranged at different levels, as shown inFigs. 1 and 2.

In addition to taking off ammonia, the fines D will serve to conductaway other noxious gases evolved by heat.

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The combination, with a retort of oblong transverse section, of afine, also of oblong transverse section, arranged within the retort forconducting away the ammonia or other noxious gases, the said retortbeing extended considerably beyond the fine in the direction of theirmajor axes, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

2. The combinatiomwith the retort and flue, both being oblong in theirtransverse section, and the retort being extended considerably beyondthe flue in the direction of their major FRIEDRICH OSMER.

\Vitnesses:

Fnnnk. I'IAYNJCS, En. L. Menu.

